Наукові конференції України, Друкарство молоде-2020

Розмір шрифту: 
Application of Pneumatic Actuator for Trimming Sheet Material
Ольга Віталіївна Підвишенна

Остання редакція: 2020-04-21

Тези доповіді


A pneumatic drive is an additional system for holding sheet material on an air cushion. It can be used for the provision of movement of the working bodies of paper-cutting machines or the actuating links of the cutting sections. In our case, we consider a pneumatic drive used for high-quality operation of the pneumatic chamber system — the accumulation of compressed air. Namely: the creation of additional force to hold the sheets in the process of trimming without using counter-knife (according to the new technology proposed at the Department of printing machines and automated complexes of Publishing and Printing Institute National Technical University of Ukraine ‘Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute’).The compressed air regulator is typically exploited with translational and rotational motion. The pneumatic drive with translational movement is two-and multi-position. Work of a two-position drive is based in moving the regulator from one extreme position to another. The multi-position pneumatic drive puts the regulator in various positions depending on the level of the control signal. Piston and rotary are the most common of the pneumatic drives. To control pipeline fittings is used piston pneumatic drive. It can be single-sided and double-sided action. In the first case, the piston working stroke is realized by the force of compressed air, and free movement — by the spring. In the second case, the piston moves in both directions by the action of compressed air. To obtain significant effort with small cylinder diameters are used twin pneumatic drives. The force which developed on the rod is determined by the pressure of compressed air and the sizes of the cylinder. Pneumatic drives can be equipped with distributors (spools), which successfully implement the necessary process logic to control the technological process. For accurate positioning at the moment of moving of the regulator used the ‘tracking piston system’. The frictional forces in the compaction of pistons, rods and construction units cause hysteresis. At the initial moment we consider atmospheric pressure in the piston enclosure of the pneumatic cylinder, and the pressure of the prepared air in the rod enclosure. The pressure interval, air flow per unit time and conditional passage of compressed air are the main parameters of the piston pneumatic devices. The size of the conditional passage and the geometric size of the cylinder at the point of accession may be completely unrelated. The piston drive is different, because of the presence of a power locking of the system, which is work to contain elements in open or closed extreme positions. In the absence of pressure in the pneumatic drive, the divide wall may spontaneously close under the action of the capacity, and create incorrect work of the spindle mechanism. Compressed air and a straight stroke of the rod provide a high speed of movement of the pneumatic drive, even with a large stroke (up to 300 mm). The advantage of the piston pneumatic drive is the simplicity of design and maintenance, work in a wide range of physic-chemical characteristics of the environment, low cost and quick cost recovery. At the same time, in the pneumatic drive it is necessary to carefully keep watch the degree of tightness of detachable connection. A rotary pneumatic drive is characterized by a relatively complex design. A rotor is installed in the case of the pneumatic drive, the rotating axis of which is off-center. Plates are placed in the grooves of the rotor, they are affected by compressed air coming from the case window. The rotor rotates because of the surfaces of these plates are extended to different heights from the groove and differ from each other, a moment is created from the pressure forces of compressed air. The plates, under the action of centrifugal force, are pressed against the inner surface of the housing. For reliable compaction and for quick extension of the plates from the grooves, compressed air can be introduced into the rotor grooves or springs can be placed. Exhaust air leaves through the exhaust window into the atmosphere. Rotary pneumatic drives are commonly in designing and manufacturability, they provide high accuracy of the angular positioning of the rotor shaft, which greatly expands technological capabilities: to create more advanced automatic control models. The desire to expand the technological and functional universality of a rotary pneumatic drive is attended without a significant decrease in other basic characteristics: reliability of operation, speed, accuracy of positioning of working bodies. Such drives are permanent, and have high power, despite the size and can work in difficult conditions with excessive emission of paper dust. Rotary drives are self-contained components that support capacity due to inner bearing sets. There is no transmission in this engine, because it gives maximum torque effect at once. Unlike piston pneumatic drives exposed to air pollution, rotary ones can reduce the headache in maintenance in difficult conditions with excessive emission of paper dust.


Ключові слова


пневматичний привід; паперорізальна машина; поршневий пневматичний привід; поворотний пневматичний привід; стиснуте повітря; поршень, ротор

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